Boiler-furnace



(K0 Model.)

no. 252,445. Patented Jam-17, 1882.

. w m W %///////,M// ////%/MW/%// M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

WILLIAM ENNIS, OF GLEN COVE, NEW YORK; PHEBE L. ENNIS, ADMlNlS- TRATRIX OF SAID WM. ENNIS, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR OF ONETHlR D TO WRIGHT DURYEA, OF SAME PLAOE, AND ONE-THIRD TO WILLIAM R. TAYLOR, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK. i l

BOILER-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 252,445, dated January 17, 1882;

Application filed March 10, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, 'VVILLIAM ENNIs, of Glen (Jove, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boiler and other Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. .In steam-boiler furnaces steamis often supplied in moderate quantities above the grate for the purpose of being decomposed and min- I0 gled with the gaseous products of the fuel for more economical working. The steam so used, however, before it is injected into the boiler,

- is in many cases passed through a superheater for raising it to sucha temperature thatit will be more readily decomposed on entering the furnace,and even when so superheated the steam and the gaseous. products of the fuel are hurried out ofthe furnacebefore they are.

properly mixed and in acondition to produce the most perfect and economical combustion and the objectof my invention is to dispense a with a separate superheater for the steam i11- jected into the furnaceand to retain the steam and the gaseous products of the fuel in the furnace until they shall be thoroughly'com 1ningled and in acondition to combine and produce more nearly perfect combustion and through such results to eflect an economyof fuel.

39 To this end the invention consists in the combination, with a furnace and ordinary bridge-walhof a hanging bridge projecting downward from the top of the furnace, behind the ordinary bridge-wall, a bridge extending a 5 across the upper front part of said furnace,

forming communicating upward and rearward passages, said rearward passages being abovethe lower edge of said hanging bridge, and a pipe or pipes for injecting steam into said 40 rearward passages.

The invention also consists in the combina and terminating above the top of the opening in said annular bridge.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Fignre3 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a furnace embodying my invention. Fig. l represents a longitudinal vertical section of a marine boiler embodying my invention, and Fig. 5 2represents a transversesection thereof on the plane of the dotted line a 2, Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring first to Fig. 3, K designatesa fur- 6o nace which may be used for'any kind of heating, and b designates the grate thereof. At the back end of the grate is the usual bridgewall, L; and M. designates the chimney or uptake throughwhich the products of combus- 6 tion escape.

*In the front upper part of the furnace,.abo\fe the fire-doorf, is a bridge, N, extending transverse] y across the furnace, in which are formed communicating upward and rearward pas 7o sages gg, into the latter of wh ch steamis injected by means of jet-pipes a. The currents of steam entering the; passages g produce a rapid rearward current of the smoke and gases in the said passages and also a continuous up- ,w'ard circulation through the upward passage, g. Therefore it will be seen thata continuous circulation of the hot gaseous products of combastion is obtained through the passages g g,

and said products of combustion are thorough- 8o 1y commingledrwith the steam.

I do not here claim, broadly, the combination, with the furnace, of the bridge N, containing passages g g, as the same forms the subject of a prior patent granted to me. 8 5,

. bnstion is obtained.

mingled steam and gaseousproducts of the fuel are retained over the fire until they become so highly heated that a very perfect com- It will be observed that nothing can escape from the furnace without passing under the hanging bridge 0, and that the rearward passages gand pipes a are above the lower edge of said bridge.

It is a known fact that every one hundred and sixty pounds of air at a temperature of about thirty-two degrees (32) Fahrenheit contains about one pound of water, and that for every additional twenty-seven degrees (27) of heat imparted to the air it will hold about an additional pound of Water. It is also known that there is an attraction between oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen; and it is believed that the steam is first absorbed by the air and gaseous products of the fuel, on the principle of saturation, as above set forth, and this brings the gaseous products of the fuel into intimate contact with the steam under a temperature favorable to the decomposition of water, and hence the tire is supplied with oxygen under and also over the whole fire-surface of the furnace.

Referring, now, to Figs. 1 and 2, H designates .the furnaces of a marine boiler of a type in com mon use, they being arranged in three cylindric' flues.

H designates the back connection, and H the chimney or smoke-stack.

I designates the ordinary bridge-wallet the rear of each furnace, and d designates the grates, and e the fire-doors. Just back of the bridgewall in each furnace is an annular bridge, J, Which is composed of a series of tirebrick of proper form adapted to supporteach other. In the bridge J is a hole, J, which is eccentric to the flue, and nearer 'to the bottom than the top thereof, for the purpose of making the upper and effective part ,of the annular bridge as deep as possible, and so retain a large volume of steam entering through the jet-pipe a and gas in the furnace. The sey eral bricks forming each bridge J may be inserted singly through a man-hole, s, and placed in position,

and provision is thus readily afforded for applying the bridge to boilers already in use in steamers.

In both the modifications of my invention which I have here shown it will be clearly seen that the pipes through which steam is injected into the furnace are above the lower edge of the hanging bridge, because in Fig. 1 thepassages g, containing the pipes at, are above the lower edge of the bridge 0; and in Figs. 1 and 2 the steam-pipe terminates above the top of the opening J in the bridge J, and the part above said opening only is effective Therefore,instead of the steam and gaseous products of the fuel being hurried out of'the furnace, they are detained in the chamber immediately over the tire, and are there mingled and heated to such a degree that a very perfect combustion is secured and a corresponding economy of fuel.

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a furnace and ordinary bridge wall, of a hanging bridge pro jecting downward from the top of the furnace, 1

behind the ordinary bridge-Wall, abridge extending across the upper front part of the furnace, forming comm unicatingupward and rearward passages said rearward passages being above the lower edge of said hangingbridge, and a pipe or pipes forinjecting steam into said rearward passages, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with a steam-boiler having onev or more cylindric fines, in which are furnaces and the ordinary bridge-Walls, of an annular bridge fitting in each flue in rear of the ordinary bridge-wall, and having an opening which is nearer the bottom than thetop thereof, and a pipe for injecting steam entering the furnace and terminating above the top ofthe opening in saidannular bridge, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

. WILLIAM ENNIS.

Witnesses:

FREDK. HAYNES,

ED GLA'l'ZMAYER. 

